Explainer

Biomimicry examples for students

Grades
4-12
Time
1 class period
Subjects
Science, engineering, design

Quick answer

Biomimicry means solving human problems by learning from nature. Famous examples include Velcro (copied from burrs), self-cleaning surfaces (from lotus leaves), Japan's quieter bullet train (from a kingfisher's beak) and naturally ventilated buildings (inspired by termite mounds).

Famous examples

  • Velcro: engineer George de Mestral studied the tiny hooks on burrs that stuck to his dog's fur.
  • Lotus effect: tiny bumps on lotus leaves make water roll off, carrying dirt; this inspired self-cleaning paints and glass.
  • Kingfisher bullet train: Japanese engineers reshaped the Shinkansen's nose like a kingfisher's beak to make it quieter leaving tunnels.
  • Termite-inspired building: the Eastgate Centre in Zimbabwe uses chimneys and heavy materials for natural cooling.
  • Living root bridges: in Meghalaya, India, people guide fig tree roots into bridges that grow stronger with age.

Classroom design challenge

  • Pick a problem: staying cool, keeping clean, saving water, moving quietly.
  • Ask "How does nature do this?" and research one plant or animal that solves it.
  • Sketch an invention or building feature based on it.
  • Build a simple model and test it.
  • Present: the problem, the organism, the design and the test results.

Questions students and teachers ask

What is biomimicry in simple words?

Copying good ideas from plants and animals to solve human problems.

What is the most famous example of biomimicry?

Velcro is probably the best known. It was inspired by burrs that stuck to a dog's fur.

Building pages to use with this guide

Sources

The facts in this guide are based on these sources:

  • Janine Benyus, "Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature" (1997)
  • Biomimicry Institute, AskNature database and Youth Design Challenge

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